Aeroponica is a technology for growing plants in the air, without the use of soil substrate. The principle of nutrition of plants is to deliver the necessary elements to the roots by spraying the aerosol enriched with nutrient elements of the solution.
The technology of aeroponics grow systems you to save water and fertilizers and get more yields by increasing the growth rate of plants. The transition from experimental to the commercial use of aeroponic systems occurred about 15 years ago, after which the technology spread around the world.
"Say that plants do not need soil and water, and people will decide that you exchanged your cow - and common sense - for a handful of beans!" - From this phrase, a description of the technology in the study of NASA began. Today, the effectiveness of systems is a proven fact.
People who are not related to agriculture have a prejudice that plants grow better in the Earth. But the plant takes from the soil only the micro -elements necessary for the development of micro and macro elements that can be added to the water and delivered to the roots and without the use of the soil.
The aeroponic system consists of several main components: water containers, pumping station, supporting structure (hollow pipes or racks), fluid supply systems (with valves, fittings, nozzles), drain water supply. To create a water fog in the system, a constant high pressure of more than three atmospheres should be maintained, otherwise the nozzles will pour water that will not fall on the roots and the plants will die.
To compensate for the high costs of installation and production, aeroponic systems are used to grow high margins. In Ukrainian realities, growing greenery is relevant: salad, a handle, parsley, basil.
Higher plant growth rate allows you to get a crop more often. If the ripening time of salad plants in the soil is 40-45 days, then in the aeroponic greenhouse only 28-32 days.
Automation of the greenhouse
Automation of the system facilitates control, allowing one employee to easily control the work of a greenhouse with an area of 1 ha. In this case, the possibility of human error is excluded and the accuracy of management increases. The correct operation of all units of the system can be monitored remotely using a smartphone.
The water pump into the system, the dosed supply of nutrient elements (in proportion to the volume of water) is automated, the opening of the valves is controlled by the timer, and the lighting is turned on. After the valve is opened, the pump automatically starts, supplying the required amount of water.
In addition, in aeroponic greenhouses, temperature sensors, lighting, humidity, and water pressure are used.
Working cycle of the system
- Stage 1. Automatic opening of the valve drives the pump. The required amount of water enriched with nutritional micro and macroelements is pumped from the underground tank into the system.
- Stage 2. The system creates the pressure required to obtain water fog.
- Stage 3. The nozzles spray the nutrient solution by wetting the roots of the plants.
- Stage 4. After a certain period of time, the valve is turned off, and the supply of water to the nozzles stops. Unused water flows through the gutters of the supporting structure and is returned to the reservoir for re -use on the drain pipeline.
Aqueous solution for the aeroponic system
Pump-sided equipment pumps water on the necessary temperature, enriched with nutrient elements, according to the system. Regardless of the water source (opened with a reservoir, well) before getting into the underground tank in the greenhouse, the water is upset up to two days. After warming to an acceptable temperature (18-20 ° C), the required volume of water with a proportional amount of fertilizers and nutrients enters the underground tank and is used for watering.
The dispersal frequency is sufficient so that the roots do not dry out and are provided with sufficient nutrition, but also have access to oxygen and not waterlogged.
The system provides emergency taps for overlapping fluid supply in case of leakage. The nozzles are evenly distributed between the valves. The valves open in turn to maintain constant high pressure in the system.
Supporting structure
The water fog enriched with nutrients falls exclusively on the roots of plants, due to the fact that the leaves and stems are separated from the spray environment by elements of the supporting structure. Hall frames with holes for plants are designed so that neither the root system nor the green part of the plants experience obstacles to natural growth. If the growth of the plant is limited, the risk of damage to the plant will increase and, therefore, the probability of the disease. The enhanced aeration of the nutrient solution and the absence of obstacles (granules of soil or other substrate) enhances the growth of the roots and prevents the appearance of pathogens.
Source:hydrogardengeek.com
You will be interested:
https://medium.com/@zakariyoung044/aeroponica-what-are-we-offering-aeropomonnic-systems-489f769eaa8d
留言列表
